Potassium vs Protactinium
Periodic Table
Symbol
K
Pa
Group Number
1
17
Not Available
Period Number
4
7
Block
s block
f block
Element Family
Alkali
Actinide
CAS Number
7440097
99+
7440133
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
I4/mmm
Space Group Number
229.00
1
139.00
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
- Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
William Crookes
Discovery
In 1807
In 1900
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %
9
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %
6
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %
3
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.20 %
2
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
- Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
NA
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3
2
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.
3
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
63.65 °C
99+
1,568.00 °C
21
Boiling Point
774.00 °C
99+
4,027.00 °C
12
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.40
23
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
K
Pa
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
99+
1.50
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45
31
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91
39
1.14
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73
23
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.73
99+
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.50
27
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol
99+
568.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol
5
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol
8
1,814.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol
9
2,991.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr
99+
1.72 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV
99+
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
19
99+
91
27
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
19
99+
91
27
Number of Neutrons
20
99+
122
21
Number of Electrons
19
99+
91
27
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm
3
163.00 pm
25
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm
9
200.00 pm
11
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm
5
243.00 pm
11
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu
99+
231.04 amu
24
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol
3
15.00 cm3/mol
34
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)
99+
92.00 (-eV)
11
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm
12
392.50 pm
23
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3
99+
15.37 g/cm3
20
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa
99+
Not Available
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa
99+
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Unknown
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.86
99+
15.37
12
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m
37
177.00 nΩ·m
21
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω
14
0.05 106/cm Ω
34
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol
22
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)
6
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K
6
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K
15
47.00 W/m·K
32
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K
3
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)
3
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol
99+
12.34 kJ/mol
28
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K
18
198.10 J/mol.K
1
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