Promethium Dysprosium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm
Dy
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440122
99+
7429916
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
Not Available
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
- Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
- Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1942
In 1886
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
33
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
35
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
- Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
- Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Mildly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C
99+
1,407.00 °C
32
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C
31
2,562.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Unknown
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
500.00 MPa
23
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
540.00 MPa
20
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,710.00 m/s
33
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm
Dy
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
27
12
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
1.22
38
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.10
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.78
16
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol
99+
573.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,200.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol
38
3,990.00 kJ/mol
37
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr
36
2.02 g/amp-hr
29
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61
99+
66
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
61
99+
66
99+
Number of Neutrons
84
40
96
35
Number of Electrons
61
99+
66
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm
10
178.00 pm
16
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm
12
192.00 pm
17
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm
16
229.00 pm
20
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu
99+
162.50 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol
12
19.00 cm3/mol
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)
39
47.40 (-eV)
32
Lattice Constant
Not Available
359.30 pm
37
Lattice Angles
Unknown
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.57
15
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3
99+
8.54 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
8.37 g/cm3
25
Tensile Strength
Not Available
120.00 MPa
15
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
36
24.70 GPa
31
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa
36
40.50 GPa
31
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa
38
61.40 GPa
33
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
0.25
25
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Sectile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.26
99+
8.55
38
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m
99+
926.00 nΩ·m
2
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.17 J/(kg K)
34
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
27.70 J/mol·K
14
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K
99+
10.70 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)
99+
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
230.00 kJ/mol
39
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol
99+
11.05 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol
34
301.00 kJ/mol
36
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
75.60 J/mol.K
7
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