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Dysprosium vs Terbium

Dysprosium
Terbium
Terbium vs Dysprosium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Dy   
Tb   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7429916   
99+
7440279   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
  • Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
  
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Carl Gustaf Mosander   
Discovery
In 1886   
In 1842   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.00000001 %   
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
33
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
28
0.00 %   
40
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
35
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
  • Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
  
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,407.00 °C   
32
1,356.00 °C   
33
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C   
99+
3,123.00 °C   
29
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa   
23
677.00 MPa   
17
Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa   
20
863.00 MPa   
13
Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s   
33
2,620.00 m/s   
35
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Dy   
Tb   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10   
30
1.10   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol   
99+
603.40 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,174.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,417.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
4,203.00 kJ/mol   
31
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29
1.98 g/amp-hr   
31
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.00 eV   
36
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
66   
99+
65   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2   
[Xe] 4f9 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
66   
99+
65   
99+
Number of Neutrons
96   
35
94   
36
Number of Electrons
66   
99+
65   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
178.00 pm   
16
177.00 pm   
17
Covalent Radius
192.00 pm   
17
194.00 pm   
16
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
221.00 pm   
22
Atomic Weight
162.50 amu   
99+
158.93 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol   
23
19.20 cm3/mol   
22
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Terbium
  
Gadolinium
  
Next Element
Holmium
  
Dysprosium
  
Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)   
32
46.80 (-eV)   
33
Lattice Constant
359.30 pm   
37
360.10 pm   
36
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
15
1.58   
13
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3   
99+
8.23 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3   
25
7.65 g/cm3   
30
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
60.00 MPa   
17
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
12.50 (Pa)   
8
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa   
31
22.10 GPa   
32
Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa   
31
38.70 GPa   
33
Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa   
33
55.70 GPa   
34
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
25
0.26   
21
Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.55   
38
8.23   
39
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m   
2
1.15 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)   
34
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K   
14
28.91 J/mol·K   
9
Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K   
99+
11.10 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
10.30 µm/(m·K)   
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol   
39
330.90 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol   
32
10.80 kJ/mol   
34
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
314.00 kJ/mol   
33
Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K   
7
73.20 J/mol.K   
10
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