Promethium Indium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm
In
Group Number
Not Available
13
5
Period Number
6
5
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440122
99+
7440746
17
Space Group Name
Not Available
I4/mmm
Space Group Number
Not Available
139.00
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Discovery
In 1942
In 1863
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
3 * 10-8 %
28
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000004 %
23
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C
99+
156.61 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C
31
2,000.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Unknown
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
1.20
20
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
8.80 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available
1,215.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm
In
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
27
12
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
1.78
16
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.14
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.49
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.76
10
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.66
18
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.22
38
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol
99+
558.30 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,820.70 kJ/mol
18
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,704.00 kJ/mol
39
4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol
38
5,210.00 kJ/mol
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr
36
1.43 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.12 eV
24
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61
99+
49
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
61
99+
49
99+
Number of Neutrons
84
40
66
99+
Number of Electrons
61
99+
49
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm
10
167.00 pm
24
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm
12
142.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm
16
193.00 pm
31
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu
99+
114.82 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol
12
15.70 cm3/mol
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)
39
54.00 (-eV)
25
Lattice Constant
Not Available
325.23 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
Unknown
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3
99+
7.31 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
7.02 g/cm3
33
Tensile Strength
Not Available
2.50 MPa
21
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.01 (Pa)
11
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
36
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa
36
Not Available
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa
38
11.00 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.26
99+
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m
99+
83.70 nΩ·m
34
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.12 106/cm Ω
17
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
28.90 kJ/mol
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.23 J/(kg K)
27
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
26.74 J/mol·K
25
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K
99+
81.80 W/m·K
21
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)
99+
32.10 µm/(m·K)
9
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
226.40 kJ/mol
40
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol
99+
3.28 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol
34
242.70 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
57.80 J/mol.K
22
|
||
|
||
|
