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Radium vs Livermorium

Radium
Livermorium
Livermorium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra  
Lv  
Group Number
2  
16
16  
2
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Probably Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440144  
99+
54100719  
3
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1898  
In 2000  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
23
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
Physical
Melting Point
700.00 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C  
99+
3,500.00 °C  
18
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.00  
22
-  
Brinell Hardness
700.00 MPa  
17
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
140.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,150.00 m/s  
37
4,600.00 m/s  
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
66.00 %  
17
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ra  
Lv  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90  
99+
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
39
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92  
99+
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10  
5
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
4th Energy Level
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
8th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
9th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
10th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
14th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
16th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
18th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
19th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
20th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
21st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
26th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
27th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
28th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
29th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
30th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
88  
30
116  
2
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88  
30
116  
2
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
160  
5
Number of Electrons
88  
30
116  
2
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm  
6
183.00 pm  
12
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm  
3
183.00 pm  
22
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm  
5
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu  
26
293.00 amu  
2
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Moscovium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
No Next Element  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm  
15
362.15 pm  
36
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
12.90 g/cm3  
28
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
12.90 g/cm3  
30
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
33
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
28.50 GPa  
30
Bulk Modulus
43.00 GPa  
33
42.00 GPa  
34
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
25
12.50 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00  
99+
12.00  
34
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
18
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
973.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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