Rhenium Gallium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Re
Ga
Group Number
7
11
13
5
Period Number
6
4
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440155
99+
7440553
32
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Cmca
Space Group Number
194.00
5
64.00
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1908
In 1875
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.000004 %
16
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
16
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3
13
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C
2
29.78 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C
2
2,403.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
8
56.80 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
7
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
15
2,740.00 m/s
31
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re
Ga
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
24
15
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
1.81
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.42
2
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46
15
1.82
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.01
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.60
21
1.76
14
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
2.19
39
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol
20
578.80 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,979.30 kJ/mol
13
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,963.00 kJ/mol
28
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
6,180.00 kJ/mol
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
0.87 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV
7
4.20 eV
23
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75
99+
31
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
75
40
31
99+
Number of Neutrons
111
26
39
99+
Number of Electrons
75
40
31
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm
40
135.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm
34
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
187.00 pm
32
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu
36
69.72 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
11.80 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
69.70 (-eV)
19
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm
99+
451.97 pm
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
3
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3
12
5.91 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3
4
6.10 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
3
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
15
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa
3
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa
2
Not Available
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa
2
9.80 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30
14
0.47
1
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.02
5
5.91
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
20
270.00 nΩ·m
15
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
0.07 106/cm Ω
29
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol
35
28.90 kJ/mol
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.37 J/(kg K)
16
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K
38
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K
31
40.60 W/m·K
34
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
18.00 µm/(m·K)
24
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol
3
256.10 kJ/mol
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol
2
5.59 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol
2
276.10 kJ/mol
39
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
40.80 J/mol.K
38
|
||
|
||
|
