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Ruthenium Titanium Comparison

Ruthenium
Titanium
Titanium Ruthenium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ru   
Ti   
Group Number
8   
10
4   
14
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440188   
99+
7440326   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
  
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
Sources
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Karl Ernst Claus   
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius   
Discovery
In 1844   
In 1791   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
3 * 10-4 %   
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000005 %   
22
~0.0004 %   
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
26
0.05 %   
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.66 %   
7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
  • Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
  
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Medical Research   
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,250.00 °C   
8
1,660.00 °C   
18
Boiling Point
3,900.00 °C   
14
3,287.00 °C   
22
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray-White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
2,160.00 MPa   
3
716.00 MPa   
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
830.00 MPa   
14
Speed of Sound
5,970.00 m/s   
4
5,090.00 m/s   
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ru   
Ti   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
23   
16
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.54   
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.09   
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.32   
23
Allen Electronegativity
1.54   
25
1.38   
32
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.46   
28
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol   
32
658.80 kJ/mol   
39
2nd Energy Level
710.22 kJ/mol   
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,747.00 kJ/mol   
37
2,652.50 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,174.60 kJ/mol   
32
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,581.00 kJ/mol   
5
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
11,533.00 kJ/mol   
6
7th Energy level
Not Available   
13,590.00 kJ/mol   
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,530.00 kJ/mol   
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,833.00 kJ/mol   
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,575.00 kJ/mol   
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,125.00 kJ/mol   
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
76,015.00 kJ/mol   
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
83,280.00 kJ/mol   
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
90,880.00 kJ/mol   
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
100,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,100.00 kJ/mol   
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
117,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
129,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
137,530.00 kJ/mol   
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.26 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.71 eV   
9
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
44   
99+
22   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d7 5s1   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
44   
99+
22   
99+
Number of Neutrons
57   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Electrons
44   
99+
22   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm   
99+
147.00 pm   
34
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm   
38
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
101.07 amu   
99+
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.30 cm3/mol   
99+
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Technetium
  
Scandium
  
Next Element
Rhodium
  
Vanadium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.00 (-eV)   
22
95.20 (-eV)   
10
Lattice Constant
270.59 pm   
99+
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58   
11
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.45 g/cm3   
27
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.65 g/cm3   
16
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
434.00 MPa   
9
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
23
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
173.00 GPa   
4
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
220.00 GPa   
7
110.00 GPa   
15
Young's Modulus
447.00 GPa   
3
116.00 GPa   
18
Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.45   
19
4.51   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
71.00 nΩ·m   
38
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω   
16
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
101.30 kJ/mol   
10
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
24
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
Molar Heat Capacity
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
117.00 W/m·K   
13
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
567.80 kJ/mol   
10
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
25.50 kJ/mol   
7
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
603.00 kJ/mol   
9
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
Standard Molar Entropy
28.50 J/mol.K   
99+
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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