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Rutherfordium vs Bismuth

Rutherfordium
Bismuth
Bismuth vs Rutherfordium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Rf   
Bi   
Group Number
4   
14
15   
3
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
53850365   
13
7440699   
22
Space Group Name
Not Available   
C12/m1   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
12.00   
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Claude François Geoffroy   
Discovery
In 1964   
In 1753   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000006 %   
14
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,100.00 °C   
11
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C   
3
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Unknown   
Silver   
Luster
Unknown Luster   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
70.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rf   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13   
26
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available   
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
104   
14
83   
33
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
104   
14
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
157   
7
126   
18
Number of Electrons
104   
14
83   
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
150.00 pm   
33
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm   
31
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
207.00 pm   
26
Atomic Weight
267.00 amu   
11
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lawrencium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Dubnium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm3   
8
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available   
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
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