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Samarium vs Mercury

Samarium
Mercury
Mercury vs Samarium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm   
Hg   
Group Number
Not Available   
12   
6
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440199   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1879   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
37
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
29
0.05 %   
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
40
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Slightly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
22
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
Not Available   
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Lustrous   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa   
27
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa   
24
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s   
99+
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sm   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17   
40
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83   
14
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
62   
99+
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62   
99+
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
88   
39
121   
22
Number of Electrons
62   
99+
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu   
99+
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol   
19
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)   
37
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm   
33
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3   
99+
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3   
32
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)   
9
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa   
34
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa   
35
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa   
37
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.27   
19
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52   
99+
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K   
7
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol   
40
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K   
15
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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