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Scandium Tin Comparison

Scandium
Tin
Tin Scandium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sc  
Sn  
Group Number
3  
15
14  
4
Period Number
4  
5  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440202  
99+
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
  • Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lars Fredrik Nilson  
-  
Discovery
In 1879  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
16
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
16
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
  • Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
22
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
39
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
1,539.00 °C  
24
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,832.00 °C  
36
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Lustrous  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
750.00 MPa  
13
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,200.00 MPa  
13
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
6,100.00 m/s  
5
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.80  
21
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
93.00 %  
3
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sc  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13  
26
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
30
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.02  
40
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.36  
31
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.19  
99+
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,388.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
7,090.60 kJ/mol  
13
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,843.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
10,679.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
13,310.00 kJ/mol  
8
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
15,250.00 kJ/mol  
11
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
17,370.00 kJ/mol  
14
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
21,726.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
24,102.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
66,320.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
73,010.00 kJ/mol  
2
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
80,160.00 kJ/mol  
3
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
89,490.00 kJ/mol  
6
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
97,400.00 kJ/mol  
5
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
105,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
117,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
124,270.00 kJ/mol  
8
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
633.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
633.00 kJ/mol  
35
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
37
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
633.00 kJ/mol  
39
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
38
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
40
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
633.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.56 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV  
99+
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
21  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
21  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
24  
99+
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
21  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
162.00 pm  
28
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
211.00 pm  
32
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
44.96 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol  
99+
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Calcium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Titanium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
58.00 (-eV)  
25
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
330.90 pm  
99+
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
24
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.99 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.80 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
150.00 MPa  
25
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)  
3
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
29.10 GPa  
28
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
56.60 GPa  
22
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
74.40 GPa  
28
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
18
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.99  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
562.00 nΩ·m  
10
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
18.10 kJ/mol  
39
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.60 J/(kg K)  
8
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
15.80 W/m·K  
99+
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
1,814.00 K  
28
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
10.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
314.20 kJ/mol  
99+
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.10 kJ/mol  
29
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
343.00 kJ/mol  
38
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
34.60 J/mol.K  
99+
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
Summary >>
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