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Seaborgium vs Europium

Seaborgium
Europium
Europium vs Seaborgium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sg  
Eu  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
54038812  
9
7440531  
34
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
  • And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
  
Europium is used in Euro banknotes for security features.  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay  
Discovery
In 1974  
In 1896  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
822.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
1,597.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
2.00  
17
Brinell Hardness
400.00 MPa  
34
167.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
520.00 MPa  
33
167.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
6,320.00 m/s  
4
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.83  
19
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sg  
Eu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.00  
99+
1.20  
40
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.01  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.20  
39
Allen Electronegativity
1.90  
8
1.20  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
757.40 kJ/mol  
21
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,732.90 kJ/mol  
29
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,483.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2,404.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,415.60 kJ/mol  
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,561.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,715.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,710.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,600.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
971.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
54,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
22
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
971.00 kJ/mol  
4
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
580.70 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
761.90 kJ/mol  
21
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
14
1.89 g/amp-hr  
37
Electron Work Function
6.00 eV  
1
2.50 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
-  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
106  
12
63  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
[Xe] 4f7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
106  
12
63  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
89  
39
Number of Electrons
106  
12
63  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
143.00 pm  
99+
198.00 pm  
13
Van der Waals Radius
230.00 pm  
24
233.00 pm  
22
Atomic Weight
269.00 amu  
9
151.96 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
35.00 cm3/mol  
8
28.90 cm3/mol  
11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Dubnium
  
Samarium
  
Next Element
Bohrium
  
Gadolinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
6.10 (-eV)  
99+
45.60 (-eV)  
36
Lattice Constant
-  
458.10 pm  
19
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.36  
99+
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
35.00 g/cm3  
4
5.26 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
35.00 g/cm3  
4
5.13 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
30.00 MPa  
99+
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
19.40 (Pa)  
4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
7.90 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
8.30 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
12.60 GPa  
99+
18.20 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.15  
35
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
35.00  
6
5.24  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
7
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
15
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.38 nΩ·m  
99+
0.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
0.18 J/(kg K)  
34
Molar Heat Capacity
35.00 J/mol·K  
5
27.66 J/mol·K  
19
Thermal Conductivity
0.14 W/m·K  
99+
13.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,200.00 K  
99+
1,099.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
35.00 µm/(m·K)  
8
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
585.00 kJ/mol  
10
143.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
9.21 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
650.00 kJ/mol  
8
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.70 J/mol.K  
99+
77.80 J/mol.K  
4
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