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Silver vs Molybdenum


Molybdenum vs Silver


Periodic Table

Symbol
Ag   
Mo   

Group Number
11   
7
6   
12

Period Number
5   
5   

Block
d block   
d block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440224   
99+
7439987   
99+

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  

Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   

Discovery
Before 5000 BC   
In 1778   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
5 * 10-7 %   
19

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000009 %   
19

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
24

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
39

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
19
0.00 %   
9

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  

Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31

In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.   
20
0.70 p.p.m.   
18

Physical Properties

Melting Point
961.93 °C   
99+
2,617.00 °C   
5

Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C   
99+
4,612.00 °C   
9

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
5.50   
7

Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa   
37
1,370.00 MPa   
7

Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa   
30
1,400.00 MPa   
6

Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
5,400.00 m/s   
6

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
97.00 %   
1
58.00 %   
15

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ag   
Mo   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
36   
3
25   
14

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.93   
9
2.16   
5

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83   
11
1.15   
19

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.30   
24

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47   
15
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.87   
7
2.16   
3

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.07   
99+
1.84   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
684.30 kJ/mol   
37

2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
1,560.00 kJ/mol   
37

3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
2,618.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,480.00 kJ/mol   
26

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,257.00 kJ/mol   
32

6th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,640.80 kJ/mol   
22

7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,125.00 kJ/mol   
13

8th Energy Level
Not Available   
13,860.00 kJ/mol   
16

9th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,835.00 kJ/mol   
16

10th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,980.00 kJ/mol   
18

11th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,190.00 kJ/mol   
17

12th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,219.00 kJ/mol   
15

13th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,930.00 kJ/mol   
13

14th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,196.00 kJ/mol   
13

15th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,490.00 kJ/mol   
7

16th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,000.00 kJ/mol   
8

17th Energy Level
Not Available   
61,400.00 kJ/mol   
9

18th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,700.00 kJ/mol   
9

19th Energy Level
Not Available   
74,000.00 kJ/mol   
9

20th Energy Level
Not Available   
80,400.00 kJ/mol   
10

21st Energy Level
Not Available   
87,000.00 kJ/mol   
9

22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7

23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
98,420.00 kJ/mol   
6

24th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,400.00 kJ/mol   
2

25th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,900.00 kJ/mol   
1

26th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,700.00 kJ/mol   
1

27th Energy Level
Not Available   
133,800.00 kJ/mol   
1

28th Energy Level
Not Available   
139,800.00 kJ/mol   
1

29th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,100.00 kJ/mol   
1

30th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,500.00 kJ/mol   
1

Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
0.89 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.26 eV   
20
4.60 eV   
12

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
47   
99+
42   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
[Kr] 4d5 5s1   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
47   
99+
42   
99+

Number of Neutrons
61   
99+
54   
99+

Number of Electrons
47   
99+
42   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
144.00 pm   
36
139.00 pm   
39

Covalent Radius
145.00 pm   
39
154.00 pm   
32

Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm   
38
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
107.87 amu   
99+
95.95 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
9.40 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Palladium
  
Niobium
  

Next Element
Cadmium
  
Technetium
  

Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
88.60 (-eV)   
13

Lattice Constant
408.53 pm   
20
314.70 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3   
35
10.28 g/cm3   
36

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3   
21
9.33 g/cm3   
20

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
324.00 MPa   
13

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa   
23
126.00 GPa   
8

Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
230.00 GPa   
6

Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa   
23
329.00 GPa   
6

Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
0.31   
13

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Weldable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
10.50   
26
10.22   
27

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Susceptibility
0.00   
5
Not Available   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
53.40 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
0.19 106/cm Ω   
11

Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
71.90 kJ/mol   
14

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
0.25 J/(kg K)   
21

Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K   
1
138.00 W/m·K   
12

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
4.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
594.10 kJ/mol   
8

Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
27.61 kJ/mol   
5

Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
653.00 kJ/mol   
7

Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
28.70 J/mol.K   
99+

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