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Sodium vs Roentgenium

Sodium
Roentgenium
Roentgenium vs Sodium


Periodic Table
Symbol
-  
Rg  
Group Number
1  
17
11  
7
Period Number
3  
7  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
-  
CAS Number
7440235  
99+
54386242  
1
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
Roentgenium is a highly unstable synthetic element.  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1807  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
7
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
6
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %  
6
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %  
5
-  
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %  
1
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %  
4
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • Currently known uses of Roentgenium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
1
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.  
2
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
97.72 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
883.00 °C  
99+
2,800.00 °C  
38
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50  
24
-  
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa  
99+
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
0.69 MPa  
99+
450.00 MPa  
38
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
3,430.00 m/s  
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.33  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
53.00 %  
28
64.00 %  
19
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
-  
Rg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17  
22
1  
34
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93  
99+
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56  
99+
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01  
36
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91  
99+
0.90  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
0.87  
99+
0.80  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07  
6
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,022.70 kJ/mol  
3
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol  
4
2,074.40 kJ/mol  
10
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol  
6
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
24
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol  
5
4,052.40 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,306.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol  
4
11,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,650.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol  
2
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol  
2
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
24
12th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
14th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
16
15th Energy Level
49,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
16th Energy Level
49,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
83,000.00 kJ/mol  
11
17th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
830.80 kJ/mol  
30
18th Energy Level
4,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
19
19th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
496.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
495.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
538.70 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
496.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.10 g/amp-hr  
18
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV  
99+
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
-  
Atomic
Atomic Number
11  
99+
111  
7
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1  
[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11  
99+
111  
7
Number of Neutrons
12  
99+
161  
4
Number of Electrons
11  
99+
111  
7
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
200.00 pm  
7
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm  
29
126.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm  
26
280.00 pm  
6
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu  
99+
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
28.70 cm3/mol  
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Darmstadtium
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Copernicium
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)  
99+
11.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm  
22
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.01  
99+
1.90  
1
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3  
99+
28.70 g/cm3  
6
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3  
99+
28.70 g/cm3  
7
Tensile Strength
10.00 MPa  
99+
65.00 MPa  
33
Viscosity
0.00  
5
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa  
99+
26.00 GPa  
36
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa  
99+
12.70 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97  
99+
28.70  
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
6
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m  
99+
0.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω  
9
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol  
24
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)  
3
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K  
13
23.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K  
11
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K  
10
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)  
4
12.60 µm/(m·K)  
40
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K  
39
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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