Sodium vs Titanium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Na
Ti
Group Number
1
17
4
14
Period Number
3
4
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440235
99+
7440326
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Discovery
In 1807
In 1791
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %
6
3 * 10-4 %
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %
6
~0.0004 %
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %
6
0.05 %
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %
5
0.66 %
7
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %
1
0.00 %
15
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %
3
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
1
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.
2
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C
99+
1,660.00 °C
18
Boiling Point
883.00 °C
99+
3,287.00 °C
22
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray-White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.50
22
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa
99+
716.00 MPa
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
830.00 MPa
14
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s
24
5,090.00 m/s
9
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na
Ti
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
17
22
23
16
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93
99+
1.54
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56
30
1.09
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01
35
1.32
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91
21
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.87
99+
1.38
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07
6
2.46
28
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol
99+
658.80 kJ/mol
39
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol
4
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol
6
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol
5
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol
4
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol
4
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol
4
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol
4
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol
4
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol
2
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol
2
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr
99+
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV
40
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11
99+
22
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
11
99+
22
99+
Number of Neutrons
12
99+
26
99+
Number of Electrons
11
99+
22
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm
9
147.00 pm
34
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm
27
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm
21
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu
99+
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol
10
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)
99+
95.20 (-eV)
10
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm
19
295.08 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3
99+
4.51 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3
99+
4.11 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
434.00 MPa
9
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.98 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa
99+
44.00 GPa
17
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa
99+
110.00 GPa
15
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa
99+
116.00 GPa
18
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.32
12
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.97
99+
4.51
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m
99+
420.00 nΩ·m
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω
9
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol
19
7.60 kJ/mol
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)
3
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K
10
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K
11
21.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K
2
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)
4
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol
99+
429.00 kJ/mol
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol
99+
15.48 kJ/mol
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol
99+
468.60 kJ/mol
15
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K
28
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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