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Titanium vs Copper

Titanium
Copper
Copper vs Titanium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti   
Cu   
Group Number
4   
14
11   
7
Period Number
4   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440326   
99+
7440508   
37
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1791   
In Middle East (9000 BCE)   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %   
9
6 * 10-6 %   
12
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %   
9
~0.00007 %   
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %   
11
0.01 %   
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %   
7
0.01 %   
17
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
15
0.00 %   
8
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
16
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
8
In Bone
Not Available   
26.00 p.p.m.   
12
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C   
18
1,084.62 °C   
40
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C   
22
2,562.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray-White   
Copper   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
3.00   
12
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa   
15
235.00 MPa   
38
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa   
14
343.00 MPa   
28
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s   
9
3,810.00 m/s   
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
90.00 %   
3
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ti   
Cu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
23   
16
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54   
26
1.90   
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09   
20
1.98   
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32   
23
1.75   
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.49   
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.38   
32
1.85   
9
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46   
28
2.10   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol   
39
745.50 kJ/mol   
22
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,957.90 kJ/mol   
15
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol   
99+
3,555.00 kJ/mol   
15
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol   
32
5,536.00 kJ/mol   
12
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol   
5
7,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol   
6
9,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol   
6
13,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
16,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol   
11
19,200.00 kJ/mol   
9
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol   
15
22,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol   
14
25,600.00 kJ/mol   
13
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol   
14
35,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol   
1
38,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol   
2
42,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol   
3
46,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
50,200.00 kJ/mol   
10
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol   
5
53,700.00 kJ/mol   
12
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
61,100.00 kJ/mol   
10
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
64,702.00 kJ/mol   
11
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol   
9
163,700.00 kJ/mol   
2
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
174,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
184,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
198,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.19 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV   
17
4.65 eV   
11
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22   
99+
29   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
22   
99+
29   
99+
Number of Neutrons
26   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
22   
99+
29   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm   
34
128.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm   
30
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
140.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
63.55 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Scandium
  
Nickel
  
Next Element
Vanadium
  
Zinc
  
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)   
10
34.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
361.49 pm   
35
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
8.96 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
8.02 g/cm3   
27
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa   
9
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
1.53 (Pa)   
8
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
48.00 GPa   
15
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa   
15
140.00 GPa   
12
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa   
18
120.00 GPa   
17
Poisson Ratio
0.32   
12
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.51   
99+
8.89   
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m   
5
Susceptibility
Not Available   
-9.63 * 10-6   
4
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
16.78 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.60 106/cm Ω   
2
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
0.38 J/(kg K)   
15
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
24.44 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
401.00 W/m·K   
2
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
16.50 µm/(m·K)   
25
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
283.70 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
7.11 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
338.90 kJ/mol   
29
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
33.20 J/mol.K   
99+
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