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Titanium vs Cobalt

Titanium
Cobalt
Cobalt vs Titanium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti  
Co  
Group Number
4  
14
9  
9
Period Number
4  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440326  
99+
7440484  
38
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius  
Georg Brandt  
Discovery
In 1791  
In 1732  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %  
11
0.06 %  
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %  
7
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Humans
0.57 %  
2
0.00 %  
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
16
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3  
18
In Bone
0.60 p.p.m.  
21
0.04 p.p.m.  
32
Physical
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C  
18
1,495.00 °C  
29
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C  
23
2,870.00 °C  
35
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray-White  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa  
16
470.00 MPa  
31
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa  
21
1,043.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s  
13
4,720.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
56.00 %  
26
67.00 %  
16
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
α-Cobalt  
β Allotropes
-  
β-Cobalt  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ti  
Co  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
23  
16
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54  
27
1.88  
13
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09  
39
2.56  
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32  
24
1.70  
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54  
24
1.88  
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
1.84  
13
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46  
28
2.12  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
39
760.40 kJ/mol  
19
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,648.00 kJ/mol  
32
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3,232.00 kJ/mol  
22
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol  
99+
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
29
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol  
5
7,670.00 kJ/mol  
18
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol  
8
9,840.00 kJ/mol  
18
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol  
6
12,440.00 kJ/mol  
11
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
15,230.00 kJ/mol  
12
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol  
11
17,959.00 kJ/mol  
13
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol  
15
26,570.00 kJ/mol  
7
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol  
14
29,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol  
37
32,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol  
1
36,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol  
2
39,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol  
4
42,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
49,396.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol  
5
52,737.00 kJ/mol  
13
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
134,810.00 kJ/mol  
1
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol  
7
145,170.00 kJ/mol  
2
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol  
9
154,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
21st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
99+
167,400.00 kJ/mol  
4
22nd Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
31
178,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
23rd Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
99+
189,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
24th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
30
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
25th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
32
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
26th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
31
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
27th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
32
760.40 kJ/mol  
16
28th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
37
760.40 kJ/mol  
22
29th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
38
760.40 kJ/mol  
23
30th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
34
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV  
24
5.00 eV  
9
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
22  
99+
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
22  
99+
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
26  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
22  
99+
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm  
36
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm  
32
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Scandium
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Vanadium
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)  
10
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
30
1.26  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa  
10
434.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
0.00  
22
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)  
14
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa  
17
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa  
15
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa  
20
116.00 GPa  
20
Poisson Ratio
0.32  
12
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.51  
99+
4,500.00  
1
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,941.00 K  
21
1,768.00 K  
32
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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