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Strontium vs Rutherfordium

Strontium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Strontium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sr   
Rf   
Group Number
2   
16
4   
14
Period Number
5   
7   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440246   
99+
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Cruickshank   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1787   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-6 %   
14
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.000005 %   
15
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
15
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.04 %   
10
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
4
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
7
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3   
19
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.   
7
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
769.00 °C   
99+
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sr   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.95   
99+
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.72   
27
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.99   
37
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.00   
18
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.96   
40
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.05   
7
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol   
10
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/mol   
13
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
2.59 eV   
99+
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
38   
99+
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
38   
99+
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
50   
99+
157   
7
Number of Electrons
38   
99+
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm   
5
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
195.00 pm   
15
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm   
7
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
87.62 amu   
99+
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol   
6
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rubidium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Yttrium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
608.49 pm   
6
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm3   
99+
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)   
1
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
6.03 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.64   
99+
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Unknown   
Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m   
24
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
26
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol   
38
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)   
18
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K   
37
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)   
18
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol   
38
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K   
26
Not Available   
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