Symbol
Tb
  
Re
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
6
  
6
  
Block
f block
  
d block
  
Element Family
Lanthanide
  
Transition Metal
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
P63/mmc
  
Interesting Facts
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
  
Masataka Ogawa
  
Discovery
In 1842
  
In 1908
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
  
29
~0.00000001 %
  
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
-
Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
Alloys
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic
  
Low Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
No
  
Melting Point
1,356.00 °C
  
33
Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C
  
29
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silvery White
  
Silvery Gray
  
Luster
Metallic
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
  
8
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
  
7
Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s
  
35
4,700.00 m/s
  
15
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Tb
  
Re
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol
  
20
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,260.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,510.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol
  
31
3,640.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr
  
31
0.99 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
  
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Weight
158.93 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol
  
22
8.85 cm3/mol
  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)
  
33
180.00 (-eV)
  
3
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm3
  
99+
21.02 g/cm3
  
12
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
  
3
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
  
Ductile, Malleable
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Conductor
  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
  
20
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω
  
33
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
14.50 kJ/mol
  
35
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
  
33
0.13 J/(kg K)
  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K
  
9
25.48 J/mol·K
  
38
Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K
  
99+
48.00 W/m·K
  
31
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)
  
38
6.20 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol
  
26
707.10 kJ/mol
  
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol
  
34
33.05 kJ/mol
  
2
Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol
  
33
791.00 kJ/mol
  
2
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
  
10
36.90 J/mol.K
  
99+