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Tin Americium Comparison

Tin
Americium
Americium Tin comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
Am  
Group Number
14  
4
10  
8
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7440359  
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1944  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
994.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
2,607.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
260.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
2,750.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
64.00 %  
19
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
-  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
-  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
Am  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
16  
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
2,132.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
3,493.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
62,400.00 kJ/mol  
39
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
57,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
22
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
23
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.02 g/amp-hr  
20
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
95  
23
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[Rn] 5f7 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
95  
23
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
148  
13
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
95  
23
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
173.00 pm  
23
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
244.00 pm  
14
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
243.00 amu  
20
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
17.86 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Plutonium
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Curium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
44.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
346.81 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.58  
34
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
12.00 g/cm3  
32
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
13.67 g/cm3  
26
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
13
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
26.00 GPa  
36
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
44.00 GPa  
32
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
58.00 GPa  
36
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
13.67  
26
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
-  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
0.69 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
63.90 kJ/mol  
18
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
0.11 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
62.70 J/mol·K  
1
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
10.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
1,449.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
13.60 µm/(m·K)  
32
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
161.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
14.39 kJ/mol  
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
268.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
63.10 J/mol.K  
23
Summary >>
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