Tin Americium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn
Am
Group Number
14
4
Not Available
Period Number
5
7
Block
p block
f block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7440359
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
141.00
7
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
Before 3500 BC
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
24
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
34
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
26
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
13
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Dentistry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.
16
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C
99+
994.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C
99+
2,607.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s
32
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
Yes
No
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn
Am
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96
8
1.30
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49
15
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72
4
1.20
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21
3
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.82
11
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
33
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV
16
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50
99+
95
23
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
50
99+
95
23
Number of Neutrons
69
99+
148
12
Number of Electrons
50
99+
95
23
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm
38
173.00 pm
21
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm
99+
180.00 pm
21
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
244.00 pm
10
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu
99+
243.00 amu
20
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol
32
17.86 cm3/mol
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)
14
44.00 (-eV)
40
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm
7
346.81 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3
99+
12.00 g/cm3
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3
34
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
0.00 (Pa)
13
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
36
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa
20
Not Available
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa
36
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.36
8
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
99+
13.67
15
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Unknown
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
28
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
20
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K
25
10.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol
35
268.00 kJ/mol
40
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K
29
Not Available
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