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Tungsten vs Molybdenum

Tungsten
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Mo  
Group Number
6  
12
6  
12
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7439987  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1778  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
2,617.00 °C  
5
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
4,612.00 °C  
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Gray  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
1,370.00 MPa  
7
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
1,400.00 MPa  
11
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
5,400.00 m/s  
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
58.00 %  
25
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Mo  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.16  
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.15  
34
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
2.16  
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
2.16  
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
1.84  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
38
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
36
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
38
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.60 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
42  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
42  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
54  
99+
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
42  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
154.00 pm  
34
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
95.95 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
88.60 (-eV)  
13
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
314.70 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.03  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
10.28 g/cm3  
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
9.33 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
324.00 MPa  
15
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
5
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
27
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
126.00 GPa  
8
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
230.00 GPa  
6
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
329.00 GPa  
6
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
10.22  
40
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
29
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
71.90 kJ/mol  
16
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
138.00 W/m·K  
12
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
2,896.00 K  
6
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
594.10 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
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