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Tungsten vs Yttrium

Tungsten
Yttrium
Yttrium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Y  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7440655  
25
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Johan Gadolin  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1794  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
26
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.07 p.p.m.  
30
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
1,523.00 °C  
27
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
3,337.00 °C  
22
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Lustrous  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
589.00 MPa  
26
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
590.00 MPa  
29
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
3,300.00 m/s  
34
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Y  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
19  
20
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.22  
39
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
0.65  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.11  
30
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.22  
38
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.12  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.78  
16
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
19
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,430.00 kJ/mol  
22
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
8,970.00 kJ/mol  
23
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
11,190.00 kJ/mol  
18
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
12,450.00 kJ/mol  
18
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
14,110.00 kJ/mol  
19
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
18,400.00 kJ/mol  
17
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
19,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
36,090.00 kJ/mol  
25
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
33
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
34
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
3.10 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
39  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Kr] 4d1 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
39  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
50  
99+
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
39  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
190.00 pm  
18
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
88.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Strontium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Zirconium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
48.00 (-eV)  
31
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
364.74 pm  
34
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.57  
39
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
4.47 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
4.24 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
160.00 MPa  
22
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
18
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
34
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
4.27 (Pa)  
10
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
25.60 GPa  
37
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
41.20 GPa  
35
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
63.50 GPa  
34
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.24  
26
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
4.47  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
18
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
596.00 nΩ·m  
8
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
29.60 kJ/mol  
36
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
26.53 J/mol·K  
35
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
17.20 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
1,799.00 K  
31
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
10.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
393.00 kJ/mol  
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
17.15 kJ/mol  
16
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
418.00 kJ/mol  
23
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
44.40 J/mol.K  
99+
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