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Yttrium vs Tungsten

Yttrium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Yttrium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Y  
W  
Group Number
3  
15
6  
12
Period Number
5  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440655  
25
7440337  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin  
Not Available  
Discovery
In 1794  
In 1781  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %  
17
5 * 10-8 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.0000004 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
26
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.  
25
0.00 p.p.m.  
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C  
27
3,410.00 °C  
1
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C  
21
5,660.00 °C  
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Grayish White  
Luster
NA  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
7.50  
2
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa  
22
2,000.00 MPa  
4
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
3,430.00 MPa  
1
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s  
23
4,620.00 m/s  
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available  
62.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y  
W  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19  
20
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22  
38
2.36  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65  
29
0.98  
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
29
1.40  
19
Allen Electronegativity
1.12  
38
1.47  
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78  
16
1.64  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
10
Not Available  
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol  
14
Not Available  
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol  
17
Not Available  
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol  
18
Not Available  
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol  
18
Not Available  
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol  
19
Not Available  
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol  
17
Not Available  
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
Not Available  
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV  
35
4.55 eV  
13
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39  
99+
74  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
39  
99+
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
50  
99+
110  
27
Number of Electrons
39  
99+
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
14
139.00 pm  
39
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
162.00 pm  
29
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu  
99+
183.84 amu  
37
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol  
21
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Strontium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Zirconium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)  
30
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm  
31
316.52 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
16
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3  
99+
19.25 g/cm3  
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3  
99+
17.60 g/cm3  
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
370.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
32
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)  
10
0.00 (Pa)  
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa  
30
161.00 GPa  
5
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa  
30
310.00 GPa  
4
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa  
32
411.00 GPa  
4
Poisson Ratio
0.24  
26
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.47  
99+
19.22  
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m  
8
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol  
30
78.60 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K  
27
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K  
99+
173.00 W/m·K  
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)  
37
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol  
18
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol  
16
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol  
18
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K  
33
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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