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Uranium vs Berkelium

Uranium
Berkelium
Berkelium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Bk  
Group Number
0  
18
Not Available  
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440406  
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
63.00  
10
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1949  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %  
29
Not Available  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
Not Available  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
NA  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Unknown  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
Not Available  
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
986.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
2,627.00 °C  
40
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
Not Available  
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
Not Available  
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
2
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
25
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U  
Bk  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
14  
25
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
28
1.30  
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
1.20  
27
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
2.70  
1
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,152.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,434.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.07 g/amp-hr  
16
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
30
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92  
26
97  
21
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f9 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
97  
21
Number of Neutrons
146  
13
150  
11
Number of Electrons
92  
26
97  
21
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
29
170.00 pm  
22
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
Not Available  
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
33
Not Available  
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
247.00 amu  
18
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
40
Not Available  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Curium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Californium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
45.50 (-eV)  
36
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
341.60 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
14.78 g/cm3  
22
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
7
13.25 g/cm3  
11
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
Not Available  
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
10
Not Available  
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
10
14.00  
14
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
Not Available  
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
37
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
Not Available  
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
15
Not Available  
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
40
10.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
27
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
13
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
14
Not Available  
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
31
Not Available  
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