Uranium vs Beryllium
Periodic Table
Symbol
U
Be
Group Number
0
18
2
16
Period Number
7
2
Block
f block
s block
Element Family
Actinide
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440611
28
7440417
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
63.00
10
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Discovery
In 1789
In 1797
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
1 * 10-7 %
23
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
11
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
- Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
32
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C
39
1,278.00 °C
36
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C
16
2,970.00 °C
32
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
White Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00
6
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa
2
590.00 MPa
21
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa
2
1,670.00 MPa
4
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s
25
12,890.00 m/s
2
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U
Be
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
25
14
9
29
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38
28
1.57
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.54
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.58
23
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62
26
2.43
30
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol
99+
899.50 kJ/mol
7
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV
30
4.98 eV
6
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92
26
4
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
[He] 2s2
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
92
26
4
99+
Number of Neutrons
146
13
5
99+
Number of Electrons
92
26
4
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
112.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm
14
96.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm
33
153.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu
21
9.01 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol
40
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)
4
82.00 (-eV)
15
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
228.58 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.57
18
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3
17
1.85 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3
7
1.69 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
19
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)
20
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa
10
132.00 GPa
7
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa
16
130.00 GPa
13
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa
10
287.00 GPa
7
Poisson Ratio
0.23
30
0.03
35
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
18.80
10
1.85
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m
99+
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω
37
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
Electron Affinity
Not Available
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K
15
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K
40
200.00 W/m·K
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)
27
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol
13
294.70 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
11.72 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol
14
326.40 kJ/mol
30
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K
31
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
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