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Uranium vs Beryllium

Uranium
Beryllium
Beryllium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Be  
Group Number
0  
18
2  
16
Period Number
7  
2  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
63.00  
10
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %  
29
1 * 10-7 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.00000001 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
32
In Bone
Not Available  
0.00 p.p.m.  
32
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
2,970.00 °C  
32
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
White Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
590.00 MPa  
21
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
2
1,670.00 MPa  
4
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
25
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
28
1.57  
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.81  
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
1.47  
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.54  
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.58  
23
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
23
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
30
4.98 eV  
6
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92  
26
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
146  
13
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
92  
26
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
29
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
33
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
40
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
1.57  
18
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
7
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
19
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
10
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.03  
35
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
10
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
37
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
Not Available  
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
15
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
40
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
27
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
13
294.70 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
11.72 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
14
326.40 kJ/mol  
30
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
31
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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