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Beryllium vs Uranium

Beryllium
Uranium
Uranium vs Beryllium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Be  
U  
Group Number
2  
16
0  
18
Period Number
2  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440417  
99+
7440611  
28
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Cmcm  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
63.00  
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
-  
Discovery
In 1797  
In 1789  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
Physical
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C  
36
1,132.00 °C  
39
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C  
33
3,818.00 °C  
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
White Gray  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa  
25
2,350.00 MPa  
2
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
9
1,960.00 MPa  
6
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s  
2
3,155.00 m/s  
36
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.56  
34
1.38  
40
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
80.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Be  
U  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57  
25
1.38  
29
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81  
15
1.38  
22
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47  
15
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54  
24
1.38  
29
Allen Electronegativity
1.58  
26
1.38  
36
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43  
30
2.62  
26
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
15th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
17th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV  
10
3.63 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
4  
99+
92  
26
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2  
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
4  
99+
92  
26
Number of Neutrons
5  
99+
146  
14
Number of Electrons
4  
99+
92  
26
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm  
99+
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm  
99+
196.00 pm  
14
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm  
99+
186.00 pm  
40
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu  
99+
238.03 amu  
21
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lithium
  
Protactinium
  
Next Element
Sodium
  
Neptunium
  
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)  
15
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm  
99+
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.02  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
19.10 g/cm3  
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
17.30 g/cm3  
17
Tensile Strength
287.00 MPa  
16
100.00 MPa  
28
Viscosity
0.00  
17
0.00  
21
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa  
7
111.00 GPa  
10
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa  
13
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa  
7
208.00 GPa  
11
Poisson Ratio
0.03  
36
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.85  
99+
18.80  
19
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
11
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K  
6
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,551.00 K  
39
1,405.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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