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Uranium vs Rubidium

Uranium
Rubidium
Rubidium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Rb  
Group Number
0  
18
1  
17
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
7440177  
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
63.00  
10
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Obtained from Lithium Production.  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available  
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1861  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %  
29
1 * 10-6 %  
16
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.000003 %  
17
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.01 %  
18
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
7
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3  
7
In Bone
Not Available  
5.00 p.p.m.  
13
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
38.89 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
688.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Grayish White  
Luster
Metallic  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
0.30  
24
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
0.22 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
2
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
25
1,300.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U  
Rb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
28
0.82  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
0.31  
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
0.89  
40
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available  
0.69  
24
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
0.71  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
3.18  
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,633.00 kJ/mol  
6
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol  
11
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,080.00 kJ/mol  
18
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
6,850.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
8,140.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
Not Available  
9,570.00 kJ/mol  
20
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
13,120.00 kJ/mol  
17
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
14,500.00 kJ/mol  
18
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
26,740.00 kJ/mol  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.19 g/amp-hr  
14
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
30
2.16 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92  
26
37  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Kr] 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
37  
99+
Number of Neutrons
146  
13
48  
99+
Number of Electrons
92  
26
37  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
29
248.00 pm  
2
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
220.00 pm  
4
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
33
303.00 pm  
3
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
85.47 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
40
55.90 cm3/mol  
2
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Gallium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Strontium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
9.47 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
558.50 pm  
10
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
1.53 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
7
1.46 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
2.50 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
10
2.40 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
10
1.53  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
128.00 nΩ·m  
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
37
0.08 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
Not Available  
46.90 kJ/mol  
24
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
0.36 J/(kg K)  
17
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
15
31.06 J/mol·K  
5
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
40
58.20 W/m·K  
26
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
2,093.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
27
90.00 µm/(m·K)  
2
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
13
69.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
2.19 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
14
82.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
31
76.80 J/mol.K  
5
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