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Rubidium vs Uranium

Rubidium
Uranium
Uranium vs Rubidium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Rb  
U  
Group Number
1  
17
0  
18
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440177  
99+
7440611  
28
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Cmcm  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
63.00  
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff  
-  
Discovery
In 1861  
In 1789  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
18
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
7
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3  
7
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.  
13
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
Physical
Melting Point
38.89 °C  
99+
1,132.00 °C  
39
Boiling Point
688.00 °C  
99+
3,818.00 °C  
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.30  
26
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa  
99+
2,350.00 MPa  
2
Vickers Hardness
0.22 MPa  
99+
1,960.00 MPa  
6
Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s  
99+
3,155.00 m/s  
36
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.54  
35
1.38  
40
Reflectivity
52.00 %  
29
80.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Rb  
U  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82  
99+
1.38  
29
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31  
99+
1.38  
22
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69  
99+
1.38  
29
Allen Electronegativity
0.71  
99+
1.38  
36
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18  
3
2.62  
26
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol  
6
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol  
11
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol  
28
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
15th Energy Level
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
17th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr  
16
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.16 eV  
99+
3.63 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
37  
99+
92  
26
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1  
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
37  
99+
92  
26
Number of Neutrons
48  
99+
146  
14
Number of Electrons
37  
99+
92  
26
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
248.00 pm  
3
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
220.00 pm  
4
196.00 pm  
14
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm  
4
186.00 pm  
40
Atomic Weight
85.47 amu  
99+
238.03 amu  
21
Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol  
3
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gallium
  
Protactinium
  
Next Element
Strontium
  
Neptunium
  
Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)  
99+
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
558.50 pm  
11
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
28
1.02  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3  
99+
19.10 g/cm3  
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3  
99+
17.30 g/cm3  
17
Tensile Strength
30.00 MPa  
99+
100.00 MPa  
28
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
21
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
35
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
2.50 GPa  
99+
111.00 GPa  
10
Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa  
99+
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa  
99+
208.00 GPa  
11
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.53  
99+
18.80  
19
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m  
26
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
29
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol  
29
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)  
17
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K  
7
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K  
26
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K  
18
1,405.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)  
2
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol  
99+
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol  
99+
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol  
99+
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K  
5
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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