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Ytterbium Bismuth Comparison

Ytterbium
Bismuth
Bismuth Ytterbium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Yb   
Bi   
Group Number
Not Available   
15   
3
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440644   
26
7440699   
22
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
C12/m1   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
12.00   
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac   
Claude François Geoffroy   
Discovery
In 1878   
In 1753   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.000006 %   
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
36
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
33
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
In Bone
Not Available   
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
824.00 °C   
99+
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,196.00 °C   
99+
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
343.00 MPa   
31
70.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
206.00 MPa   
33
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
1,590.00 m/s   
99+
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Yb   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.06   
33
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol   
31
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.15 g/amp-hr   
25
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
70   
99+
83   
33
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Ytterbium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
70   
99+
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
103   
31
126   
18
Number of Electrons
70   
99+
83   
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm   
18
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
242.00 pm   
12
207.00 pm   
26
Atomic Weight
173.05 amu   
99+
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
24.79 cm3/mol   
9
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thulium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Lutetium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.30 (-eV)   
27
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
548.47 pm   
11
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.90 g/cm3   
99+
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.21 g/cm3   
99+
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Tensile Strength
58.00 MPa   
18
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
9.90 GPa   
99+
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
30.50 GPa   
39
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
23.90 GPa   
99+
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
33
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.97   
99+
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
0.25 nΩ·m   
99+
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω   
38
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K   
25
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Conductivity
38.50 W/m·K   
35
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
26.30 K   
7
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
26.30 µm/(m·K)   
14
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.90 kJ/mol   
99+
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol   
99+
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
59.90 J/mol.K   
21
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
Summary >>
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