Yttrium vs Technetium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Y
Tc
Group Number
3
15
7
11
Period Number
5
5
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440655
25
7440268
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
- Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
- At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons
History
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero
Discovery
In 1794
In 1937
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %
17
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
21
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
22
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
25
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
- It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
- Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
26
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.
25
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
27
2,200.00 °C
9
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
21
4,877.00 °C
7
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Shiny Gray
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa
22
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
23
16,200.00 m/s
1
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y
Tc
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
19
20
18
21
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
38
1.90
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65
29
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11
29
1.36
20
Allen Electronegativity
1.12
38
1.51
28
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
16
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
99+
702.00 kJ/mol
36
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol
33
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol
10
Not Available
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
0.52 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV
35
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39
99+
43
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
[Kr] 4d5 5s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
39
99+
43
99+
Number of Neutrons
50
99+
55
99+
Number of Electrons
39
99+
43
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
136.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm
18
147.00 pm
37
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu
99+
98.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
21
8.50 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
30
180.00 (-eV)
3
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm
31
273.50 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
16
1.60
5
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
99+
11.00 g/cm3
34
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
32
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)
10
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa
30
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa
30
Not Available
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa
32
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.24
26
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.47
99+
11.50
24
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m
8
200.00 nΩ·m
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
30
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
30
53.00 kJ/mol
18
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
0.21 J/(kg K)
29
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
27
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
99+
50.60 W/m·K
30
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
37
7.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
18
660.00 kJ/mol
6
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
16
23.01 kJ/mol
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
18
649.00 kJ/mol
8
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
33
181.10 J/mol.K
2
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