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Zinc Rutherfordium Comparison

Zinc
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium Zinc comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn   
Rf   
Group Number
12   
6
4   
14
Period Number
4   
7   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440666   
24
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0002 %   
10
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %   
12
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %   
16
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
10
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
6
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
419.58 °C   
99+
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
907.00 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa   
32
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
2
Not Available   
Reflectivity
80.00 %   
5
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zn   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25   
14
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65   
19
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23   
6
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66   
7
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65   
11
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35   
35
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
Not Available   
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV   
17
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
30   
99+
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
30   
99+
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
35   
99+
157   
7
Number of Electrons
30   
99+
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm   
99+
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm   
99+
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu   
99+
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Copper
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Gallium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa   
19
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa   
19
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.90   
99+
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
Not Available   
Summary >>
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