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Zinc vs Nobelium

Zinc
Nobelium
Nobelium vs Zinc


Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn  
No  
Group Number
12  
6
3  
15
Period Number
4  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440666  
24
10028145  
16
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE  
In 1966  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
12
-  
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
10
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %  
12
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
16
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
10
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
7
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
6
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.  
6
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
419.58 °C  
99+
827.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
907.00 °C  
99+
2,600.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
-  
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa  
39
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
207.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s  
25
1,100.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Zn  
No  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65  
20
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23  
7
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66  
8
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65  
20
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.59  
25
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35  
35
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
642.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol  
28
1,254.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol  
12
2,643.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol  
20
3,956.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol  
15
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
35
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
15
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol  
10
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
6,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol  
33
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol  
5
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol  
10
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
11
3,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol  
10
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
917.00 kJ/mol  
34
22nd Energy Level
906.00 kJ/mol  
9
627.00 kJ/mol  
36
23rd Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
37
6,410.00 kJ/mol  
12
24th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
5
627.00 kJ/mol  
39
25th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
601.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
3
641.00 kJ/mol  
37
28th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
641.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
7
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol  
4
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr  
99+
4.83 g/amp-hr  
4
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV  
24
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
30  
99+
102  
16
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2  
[Rn] 5f14 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
30  
99+
102  
16
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
30  
99+
102  
16
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
176.00 pm  
20
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm  
99+
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
246.00 pm  
12
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu  
99+
259.00 amu  
13
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol  
99+
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Copper
  
Mendelevium
  
Next Element
Gallium
  
Lawrencium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)  
99+
26.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.86  
4
1.76  
5
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3  
99+
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3  
99+
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
7
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa  
20
8.70 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa  
21
12.30 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.90  
99+
9.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
3
Susceptibility
0.00  
6
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m  
40
0.68 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω  
12
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)  
14
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K  
14
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
692.00 K  
99+
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)  
11
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol  
99+
390.40 kJ/mol  
30
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
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