Lithium vs Tantalum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Li
Ta
Group Number
1
17
5
13
Period Number
2
6
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439932
99+
7440257
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
- Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
- Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg
Discovery
In 1817
In 1802
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-7 %
18
8 * 10-9 %
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.00017 %
11
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
15
0.00 %
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
16
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
- Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
- Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
27
Not Available
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.
17
0.03 p.p.m.
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
180.54 °C
99+
2,996.00 °C
4
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C
99+
5,425.00 °C
4
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Gray Blue
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.60
21
6.50
5
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa
99+
440.00 MPa
28
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
870.00 MPa
12
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s
3
3,400.00 m/s
22
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
78.00 %
6
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Li
Ta
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
8
30
31
8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.98
99+
1.50
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89
26
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.33
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97
19
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.91
99+
1.34
33
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.02
8
2.50
27
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol
99+
761.00 kJ/mol
18
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol
3
1,500.00 kJ/mol
40
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV
37
4.25 eV
21
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
3
99+
73
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
3
99+
73
99+
Number of Neutrons
4
99+
108
28
Number of Electrons
3
99+
73
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm
31
146.00 pm
35
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm
99+
170.00 pm
25
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm
35
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu
99+
180.95 amu
38
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol
39
10.90 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)
99+
110.00 (-eV)
7
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm
99+
330.13 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3
99+
16.69 g/cm3
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3
99+
15.00 g/cm3
9
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
31
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa
99+
69.00 GPa
13
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa
99+
200.00 GPa
8
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa
99+
186.00 GPa
13
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.34
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.53
99+
16.65
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m
33
131.00 nΩ·m
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
19
0.08 106/cm Ω
27
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol
16
31.00 kJ/mol
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)
1
0.14 J/(kg K)
37
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K
99+
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K
20
57.50 W/m·K
27
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K
1
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)
7
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol
99+
753.10 kJ/mol
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol
99+
31.40 kJ/mol
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol
99+
782.00 kJ/mol
3
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K
99+
41.50 J/mol.K
37
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