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Strontium vs Radium

Strontium
Radium
Radium vs Strontium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sr  
Ra  
Group Number
2  
16
2  
16
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
s block  
s block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440246  
99+
7440144  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
  
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Cruickshank  
-  
Discovery
In 1787  
In 1898  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
15
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.04 %  
10
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
4
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
23
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3  
19
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.  
7
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
769.00 °C  
99+
700.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C  
99+
1,737.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
1.00  
22
Brinell Hardness
110.00 MPa  
99+
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
15.00 MPa  
99+
140.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,170.00 m/s  
23
3,150.00 m/s  
37
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.43  
39
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sr  
Ra  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27  
12
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.95  
99+
0.90  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.72  
99+
0.89  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.99  
38
0.97  
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.00  
99+
0.92  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
0.96  
99+
0.89  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.05  
7
3.10  
5
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol  
99+
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol  
10
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/mol  
22
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/mol  
30
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/mol  
26
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/mol  
19
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/mol  
19
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
54,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
549.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr  
99+
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
Electron Work Function
2.59 eV  
99+
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
38  
99+
88  
30
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2  
[Rn] 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
38  
99+
88  
30
Number of Neutrons
50  
99+
138  
17
Number of Electrons
38  
99+
88  
30
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm  
6
215.00 pm  
6
Covalent Radius
195.00 pm  
15
221.00 pm  
3
Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm  
11
283.00 pm  
5
Atomic Weight
87.62 amu  
99+
226.00 amu  
26
Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol  
9
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rubidium
  
Francium
  
Next Element
Yttrium
  
Actinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)  
99+
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
608.49 pm  
6
514.80 pm  
15
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
40
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
170.00 MPa  
21
40.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)  
1
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
33
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
6.03 GPa  
99+
25.00 GPa  
38
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa  
99+
43.00 GPa  
33
Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa  
99+
83.00 GPa  
25
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.64  
99+
5.00  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Nonmagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
35
0.00  
18
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m  
24
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
31
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol  
99+
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K  
38
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,050.00 K  
99+
973.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)  
19
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol  
99+
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol  
99+
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
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