1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
1.7 CAS Number
74299057439932
7429905
54386242
1.9 Space Group Name
1.10 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
2.3 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.4 History
2.4.1 Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted
Johan August Arfwedson
2.5.1 Discovery
2.6 Abundance
2.6.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %6 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.8.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %~0.00017 %
1E-08
0.1
4.2.0 Abundance In Meteorites
4.4.3 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.4.6 Abundance In Oceans
4.4.8 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.2.6 In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.1.30 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
660.37 °C180.54 °C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C1,347.00 °C
147
5660
8.3 Appearance
8.3.1 Physical State
8.3.2 Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
8.3.3 Luster
8.4 Hardness
8.4.1 Mohs Hardness
9.1.2 Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa5.00 MPa
0.14
3490
10.1.1 Vickers Hardness
10.4 Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s6,000.00 m/s
818
16200
10.6 Optical Properties
10.6.1 Refractive Index
10.6.2 Reflectivity
10.9 Allotropes
10.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.4 Electronegativity
11.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.5.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
12.3.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
12.4.2 Allen Electronegativity
12.6 Electropositivity
12.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
13.3 Ionization Energies
13.3.1 1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol520.20 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
13.3.3 2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol7,298.10 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
13.4.2 3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol11,815.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
13.4.5 4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
13.4.6 5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
13.5.2 6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
13.6.3 7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
13.6.5 8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
13.6.6 9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
13.6.9 10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
13.6.11 11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
13.6.14 12th Energy Level
13.6.16 13th Energy Level
13.7.3 14th Energy Level
13.8.2 15th Energy Level
13.8.5 16th Energy Level
13.8.7 17th Energy Level
13.8.9 18th Energy Level
13.8.12 19th Energy Level
13.8.14 20th Energy Level
13.8.16 21st Energy Level
13.8.18 22nd Energy Level
13.8.20 23rd Energy Level
13.8.21 24th Energy Level
13.8.24 25th Energy Level
13.8.26 26th Energy Level
13.8.28 27th Energy Level
13.8.31 28th Energy Level
13.8.33 29th Energy Level
13.8.35 30th Energy Level
13.9 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr0.26 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.10 Electron Work Function
13.11 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
14.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
14.4.5 Number of Neutrons
14.4.9 Number of Electrons
14.5 Radius of an Atom
14.5.1 Atomic Radius
143.00 pm152.00 pm
112
265
14.6.1 Covalent Radius
121.00 pm128.00 pm
96
260
14.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm182.00 pm
139
348
14.7 Atomic Weight
26.98 amu6.94 amu
6.94
294
14.9 Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol13.10 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
15.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
15.2.1 Previous Element
15.2.2 Next Element
15.3 Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)19.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
15.7 Lattice Constant
404.95 pm351.00 pm
228.58
891.25
15.8 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
15.9 Lattice C/A Ratio
16 Mechanical
16.1 Density
16.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm30.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
16.1.5 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm30.51 g/cm3
0.512
20
16.2 Tensile Strength
16.4 Viscosity
16.5 Vapor Pressure
16.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)109.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
16.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.7 Elasticity properties
16.7.1 Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa4.20 GPa
1.3
222
16.9.1 Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa11.00 GPa
1.6
462
17.1.1 Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa4.90 GPa
1.7
528
17.7 Poisson Ratio
17.9 Other Mechanical Properties
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.3.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
18.3.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
1.25643E-06
0.0063
19.1.2 Susceptibility
19.2 Electrical Properties
19.2.1 Electrical Property
19.2.2 Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m92.80 nΩ·m
0.18
961
19.2.5 Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω0.11 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
19.4.2 Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol59.60 kJ/mol
0
222.8
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)3.60 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
20.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K24.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
20.5 Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K84.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
20.7 Critical Temperature
20.8 Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)46.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
20.12 Enthalpy
20.13.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol134.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
21.1.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol3.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
22.1.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol160.70 kJ/mol
61.5
837
22.2 Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K29.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1