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Aluminium vs Manganese

Aluminium
Manganese
Manganese vs Aluminium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Al   
Mn   
Group Number
13   
5
7   
11
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7429905   
99+
7439965   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
I_ 43m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
217.00   
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted   
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Discovery
In 1825   
In 1774   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %   
5
8 * 10-4 %   
8
Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %   
5
~0.001 %   
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %   
5
0.27 %   
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %   
1
0.11 %   
8
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
10
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
660.37 °C   
99+
1,245.00 °C   
37
Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C   
99+
1,962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.75   
13
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa   
99+
196.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa   
35
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s   
10
5,150.00 m/s   
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
71.00 %   
10
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Al   
Mn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
11   
27
21   
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.61   
22
1.55   
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71   
13
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.60   
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83   
8
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.61   
20
1.75   
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.39   
32
2.45   
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.28 eV   
19
4.10 eV   
25
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
13   
99+
25   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
13   
99+
25   
99+
Number of Neutrons
14   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
13   
99+
25   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
143.00 pm   
37
127.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
121.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm   
34
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
26.98 amu   
99+
54.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Magnesium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Potassium
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)   
17
220.00 (-eV)   
2
Lattice Constant
404.95 pm   
22
891.25 pm   
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa   
19
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
18
0.00 (Pa)   
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa   
29
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa   
18
120.00 GPa   
14
Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa   
28
198.00 GPa   
12
Poisson Ratio
0.35   
9
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.72   
99+
7.21   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
4
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K   
4
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
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