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Beryllium Vanadium Comparison

Beryllium
Vanadium
Vanadium Beryllium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Be  
V  
Group Number
2  
16
5  
13
Period Number
2  
4  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440417  
99+
7440622  
27
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Discovery
In 1797  
In 1801  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
35
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
39
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C  
36
1,890.00 °C  
13
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C  
33
3,380.00 °C  
21
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
White Gray  
Blue-Silver Grey  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
6.70  
4
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa  
25
600.00 MPa  
24
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
9
628.00 MPa  
25
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s  
2
4,560.00 m/s  
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.56  
34
2.05  
13
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Be  
V  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
22  
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57  
25
1.63  
21
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81  
15
1.39  
21
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47  
15
1.45  
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54  
24
1.63  
21
Allen Electronegativity
1.58  
26
1.53  
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43  
30
2.37  
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
36
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
35
5th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
38
6th Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
6
7th Energy level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
8th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
9th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
10th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
11th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
12th Energy Level
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
34
13th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
14th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
15th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
3
16th Energy Level
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
17th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
18th Energy Level
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
19th Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
20th Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
21st Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
22nd Energy Level
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
650.00 kJ/mol  
32
23rd Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
25th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
26th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
27th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
28th Energy Level
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV  
10
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
4  
99+
23  
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2  
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
4  
99+
23  
99+
Number of Neutrons
5  
99+
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
4  
99+
23  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm  
99+
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm  
99+
153.00 pm  
35
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu  
99+
50.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lithium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Sodium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)  
15
120.00 (-eV)  
6
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm  
99+
303.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.70  
9
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
287.00 MPa  
16
800.00 MPa  
6
Viscosity
0.00  
17
0.00  
11
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.23 (Pa)  
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa  
7
47.00 GPa  
16
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa  
13
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa  
7
128.00 GPa  
17
Poisson Ratio
0.03  
36
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.85  
99+
5.96  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
11
0.00  
8
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
0.05 106/cm Ω  
40
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K  
6
30.70 W/m·K  
40
Critical Temperature
1,551.00 K  
39
2,183.00 K  
15
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
458.60 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
514.60 kJ/mol  
17
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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