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Bismuth Nickel Comparison

Bismuth
Nickel
Nickel Bismuth comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi   
Ni   
Group Number
15   
3
10   
8
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440699   
22
7440020   
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
12.00   
12
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy   
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt   
Discovery
In 1753   
In 1751   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
6 * 10-3 %   
4
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %   
14
~0.008 %   
3
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
1.30 %   
3
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.01 %   
15
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
24
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
  • Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
17
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C   
99+
1,453.00 °C   
31
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C   
99+
2,732.00 °C   
38
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25   
15
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa   
99+
667.00 MPa   
18
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
638.00 MPa   
16
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
4,900.00 m/s   
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
72.00 %   
9
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi   
Ni   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02   
6
1.91   
10
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34   
3
1.94   
10
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67   
6
1.75   
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15   
4
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.01   
4
1.88   
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98   
99+
2.09   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
737.10 kJ/mol   
25
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
1,753.00 kJ/mol   
25
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,395.00 kJ/mol   
17
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5,300.00 kJ/mol   
15
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
7,339.00 kJ/mol   
15
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,800.00 kJ/mol   
10
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,600.00 kJ/mol   
10
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,600.00 kJ/mol   
10
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
21,670.00 kJ/mol   
14
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
30,970.00 kJ/mol   
7
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,100.00 kJ/mol   
7
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,500.00 kJ/mol   
8
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,800.00 kJ/mol   
10
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
48,100.00 kJ/mol   
12
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,101.00 kJ/mol   
11
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
58,570.00 kJ/mol   
12
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
159,000.00 kJ/mol   
3
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
169,400.00 kJ/mol   
3
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
182,700.00 kJ/mol   
2
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
194,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
5.15 eV   
2
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83   
33
28   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83   
33
28   
99+
Number of Neutrons
126   
18
31   
99+
Number of Electrons
83   
33
28   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
124.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm   
36
124.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm   
26
163.00 pm   
40
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu   
29
58.69 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
6.59 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Cobalt
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Copper
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
42.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm   
2
352.40 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3   
39
8.91 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3   
18
7.81 g/cm3   
29
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
345.00 MPa   
11
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
19.50 (Pa)   
6
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa   
99+
76.00 GPa   
12
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa   
38
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa   
99+
200.00 GPa   
11
Poisson Ratio
0.33   
11
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79   
30
8.90   
33
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
6
0.00 H/m   
2
Susceptibility
0.00   
6
600.00   
2
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
69.30 nΩ·m   
39
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.14 106/cm Ω   
13
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
112.00 kJ/mol   
6
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
26.07 J/mol·K   
31
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
90.90 W/m·K   
18
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
371.80 kJ/mol   
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
422.60 kJ/mol   
17
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
29.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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