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Cesium vs Bismuth

Cesium
Bismuth
Bismuth vs Cesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cs   
Bi   
Group Number
1   
17
15   
3
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
s block   
p block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440462   
40
7440699   
22
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
C12/m1   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
12.00   
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   
Claude François Geoffroy   
Discovery
In 1860   
In 1753   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-8 %   
24
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000008 %   
20
~0.000006 %   
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
35
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
17
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
17
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
28
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
In Bone
0.05 p.p.m.   
26
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
28.50 °C   
99+
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
678.40 °C   
99+
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gold   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20   
25
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
0.14 MPa   
99+
70.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cs   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.79   
99+
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.22   
33
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.62   
26
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
0.66   
99+
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.21   
2
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
375.70 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
2,234.30 kJ/mol   
8
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol   
16
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.96 g/amp-hr   
3
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
2.14 eV   
99+
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
55   
99+
83   
33
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
55   
99+
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
78   
99+
126   
18
Number of Electrons
55   
99+
83   
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
265.00 pm   
1
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
244.00 pm   
2
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
343.00 pm   
2
207.00 pm   
26
Atomic Weight
132.91 amu   
99+
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
71.07 cm3/mol   
1
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tin
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Barium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.62 (-eV)   
99+
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
614.10 pm   
5
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.93 g/cm3   
99+
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.84 g/cm3   
99+
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
1.60 GPa   
99+
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
1.70 GPa   
99+
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.87   
99+
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
205.00 nΩ·m   
17
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
45.50 kJ/mol   
25
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
32.21 J/mol·K   
4
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Conductivity
35.90 W/m·K   
36
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
1,938.00 K   
5
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
97.00 µm/(m·K)   
1
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
65.90 kJ/mol   
99+
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.10 kJ/mol   
99+
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
78.20 kJ/mol   
99+
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
85.20 J/mol.K   
3
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
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