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Chemical Properties of Rutherfordium and Gadolinium

Rutherfordium
Gadolinium
Chemical Properties of Gadolinium and Rutherfordium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rf   
Gd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13   
26
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.20   
39
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.11   
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.80   
15
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
593.40 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,990.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
4,250.00 kJ/mol   
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available   
1.96 g/amp-hr   
32
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.10 eV   
35
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
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