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Dysprosium vs Rutherfordium


Rutherfordium vs Dysprosium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Dy   
Rf   

Group Number
Not Available   
4   
14

Period Number
6   
7   

Block
f block   
d block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7429916   
99+
53850365   
13

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
  • Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   

Discovery
In 1886   
In 1964   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
33
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
28
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
35
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
  • Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Alloys, Research Purposes   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Mildly Toxic   
Unknown   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,407.00 °C   
32
2,100.00 °C   
11

Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Unknown   

Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   

Hardness
  
  

Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa   
23
Not Available   

Vickers Hardness
540.00 MPa   
20
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,710.00 m/s   
33
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Dy   
Rf   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
29   
10
13   
26

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10   
30
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
Not Available   

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,200.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29
Not Available   

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
66   
99+
104   
14

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
66   
99+
104   
14

Number of Neutrons
96   
35
157   
7

Number of Electrons
66   
99+
104   
14

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
178.00 pm   
16
150.00 pm   
33

Covalent Radius
192.00 pm   
17
157.00 pm   
31

Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
Not Available   

Atomic Weight
162.50 amu   
99+
267.00 amu   
11

Atomic Volume
19.00 cm3/mol   
23
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Terbium
  
Lawrencium
  

Next Element
Holmium
  
Dubnium
  

Valence Electron Potential
47.40 (-eV)   
32
Not Available   

Lattice Constant
359.30 pm   
37
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
15
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
8.54 g/cm3   
99+
23.20 g/cm3   
8

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.37 g/cm3   
25
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
24.70 GPa   
31
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
40.50 GPa   
31
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
61.40 GPa   
33
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.25   
25
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Sectile   
Unknown   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
8.55   
38
Not Available   

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   

Resistivity
926.00 nΩ·m   
2
Not Available   

Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.17 J/(kg K)   
34
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
27.70 J/mol·K   
14
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
10.70 W/m·K   
99+
Not Available   

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
230.00 kJ/mol   
39
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
11.05 kJ/mol   
32
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
75.60 J/mol.K   
7
Not Available   

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