Home
 Compare Metals

Europium vs Rubidium

Europium
Rubidium
Rubidium vs Europium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu  
Rb  
Group Number
3  
15
1  
17
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440531  
34
7440177  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
Europium is used in Euro banknotes for security features.  
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Obtained from Lithium Production.  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay  
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff  
Discovery
In 1896  
In 1861  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
27
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.01 %  
18
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3  
7
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
5.00 p.p.m.  
13
Physical
Melting Point
822.00 °C  
99+
38.89 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C  
99+
688.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Grayish White  
Luster
Lustrous  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
0.30  
26
Brinell Hardness
167.00 MPa  
99+
0.22 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa  
99+
0.22 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
6,320.00 m/s  
4
1,300.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.83  
19
1.54  
35
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
52.00 %  
29
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Eu  
Rb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20  
40
0.82  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01  
99+
0.31  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
0.89  
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.20  
39
0.69  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.20  
99+
0.71  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
3.18  
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,633.00 kJ/mol  
6
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol  
11
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,080.00 kJ/mol  
28
5th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,850.00 kJ/mol  
31
6th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,140.00 kJ/mol  
31
7th Energy level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,570.00 kJ/mol  
20
8th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13,120.00 kJ/mol  
17
9th Energy Level
5,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,500.00 kJ/mol  
18
10th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,740.00 kJ/mol  
6
11th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
580.70 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr  
37
3.19 g/amp-hr  
16
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV  
99+
2.16 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
63  
99+
37  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2  
[Kr] 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
63  
99+
37  
99+
Number of Neutrons
89  
39
48  
99+
Number of Electrons
63  
99+
37  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
248.00 pm  
3
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm  
13
220.00 pm  
4
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm  
22
303.00 pm  
4
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu  
99+
85.47 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol  
11
55.90 cm3/mol  
3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Samarium
  
Gallium
  
Next Element
Gadolinium
  
Strontium
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)  
36
9.47 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm  
19
558.50 pm  
11
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
35
1.59  
28
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3  
99+
1.53 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3  
99+
1.46 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
30.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)  
4
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
35
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa  
99+
2.50 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa  
99+
2.50 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa  
99+
2.40 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.15  
35
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.24  
99+
1.53  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
15
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m  
99+
128.00 nΩ·m  
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
29
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
46.90 kJ/mol  
29
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)  
34
0.36 J/(kg K)  
17
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K  
19
31.06 J/mol·K  
7
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K  
99+
58.20 W/m·K  
26
Critical Temperature
1,099.00 K  
99+
2,093.00 K  
18
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)  
8
90.00 µm/(m·K)  
2
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol  
99+
69.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol  
99+
2.19 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
82.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K  
4
76.80 J/mol.K  
5
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Lanthanide Series

Lanthanide Series

Lanthanide Series

» More Lanthanide Series

Compare Lanthanide Series

» More Compare Lanthanide Series
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!