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Europium vs Technetium

Europium
Technetium
Technetium vs Europium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu  
Tc  
Group Number
3  
15
7  
11
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440531  
34
7440268  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
Europium is used in Euro banknotes for security features.  
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay  
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Discovery
In 1896  
In 1937  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
27
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
822.00 °C  
99+
2,200.00 °C  
9
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C  
99+
4,877.00 °C  
7
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Shiny Gray  
Luster
Lustrous  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
167.00 MPa  
99+
550.00 MPa  
27
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
6,320.00 m/s  
4
16,200.00 m/s  
1
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.83  
19
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
35.00 %  
34
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Eu  
Tc  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20  
40
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01  
99+
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.36  
21
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.20  
39
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.20  
99+
1.51  
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
5th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
6th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
10th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
11th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
12th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
14th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
15th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
16th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
17th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
19th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
21st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
23rd Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
25th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
26th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
27th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
28th Energy Level
580.70 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
29th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
30th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr  
37
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV  
99+
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
63  
99+
43  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
63  
99+
43  
99+
Number of Neutrons
89  
39
55  
99+
Number of Electrons
63  
99+
43  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm  
13
147.00 pm  
39
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm  
22
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu  
99+
98.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol  
11
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Samarium
  
Molybdenum
  
Next Element
Gadolinium
  
Ruthenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)  
36
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm  
19
273.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
35
1.60  
21
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3  
99+
11.00 g/cm3  
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3  
99+
11.00 g/cm3  
34
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)  
4
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa  
99+
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa  
99+
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.15  
35
0.38  
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.24  
99+
11.50  
37
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
15
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m  
99+
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)  
34
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K  
19
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K  
99+
50.60 W/m·K  
30
Critical Temperature
1,099.00 K  
99+
2,150.00 K  
16
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)  
8
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol  
99+
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol  
99+
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K  
4
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
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