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Technetium vs Thulium

Technetium
Thulium
Thulium vs Technetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc   
Tm   
Group Number
7   
11
Not Available   
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
d block   
f block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7440268   
99+
7440304   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
  • Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
  • Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero   
Per Teodor Cleve   
Discovery
In 1937   
In 1879   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1 * 10-8 %   
30
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.00000002 %   
28
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
  • Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
  • Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C   
9
1,545.00 °C   
23
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C   
7
1,730.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Shiny Gray   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
471.00 MPa   
25
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
520.00 MPa   
21
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s   
1
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tc   
Tm   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18   
21
32   
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
1.25   
35
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36   
20
1.11   
29
Allen Electronegativity
1.51   
28
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
2.75   
19
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol   
36
596.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,160.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol   
33
2,285.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,120.00 kJ/mol   
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.10 g/amp-hr   
26
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
43   
99+
69   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2   
[Xe] 4f13 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
43   
99+
69   
99+
Number of Neutrons
55   
99+
100   
32
Number of Electrons
43   
99+
69   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
176.00 pm   
18
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm   
37
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu   
99+
168.93 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol   
99+
18.10 cm3/mol   
28
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Molybdenum
  
Erbium
  
Next Element
Ruthenium
  
Ytterbium
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
49.70 (-eV)   
28
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm   
99+
353.75 pm   
40
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60   
5
1.57   
17
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3   
34
9.32 g/cm3   
40
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.56 g/cm3   
24
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.06 (Pa)   
10
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
30.50 GPa   
22
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
44.50 GPa   
26
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
74.00 GPa   
27
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.21   
31
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.50   
24
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m   
18
676.00 nΩ·m   
5
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
30
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol   
18
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)   
29
0.16 J/(kg K)   
35
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
27.03 J/mol·K   
22
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K   
30
16.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
13.30 µm/(m·K)   
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol   
6
191.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol   
9
16.80 kJ/mol   
17
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol   
8
247.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K   
2
74.00 J/mol.K   
9
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