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Francium Gold Comparison

Francium
Gold
Gold Francium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr  
Au  
Group Number
1  
17
11  
7
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440735  
18
7440575  
31
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey  
-  
Discovery
In 1939  
Before 6000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
21
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C  
99+
1,064.43 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
677.00 °C  
99+
2,807.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Gold  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20  
27
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa  
99+
194.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
216.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.70  
27
0.47  
99+
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr  
Au  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
2.54  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86  
99+
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68  
99+
1.87  
15
Allen Electronegativity
0.67  
99+
1.92  
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30  
1
1.46  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV  
33
5.10 eV  
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
87  
31
79  
37
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87  
31
79  
37
Number of Neutrons
136  
18
118  
24
Number of Electrons
87  
31
79  
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm  
1
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm  
1
144.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm  
1
166.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu  
27
196.97 amu  
33
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm  
21
407.82 pm  
24
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
19.30 g/cm3  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
17.31 g/cm3  
16
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa  
99+
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa  
99+
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
79.00 GPa  
26
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.87  
99+
19.32  
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
22
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
318.00 W/m·K  
3
Critical Temperature
300.00 K  
99+
1,337.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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