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Gold Francium Comparison


Francium Gold comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Au   
Fr   

Group Number
11   
7
1   
17

Period Number
6   
7   

Block
d block   
s block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Alkali   

CAS Number
7440575   
31
7440735   
18

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  

Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Marguerite Perey   

Discovery
Before 6000 BCE   
In 1939   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
21
Not Available   

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
18
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  

Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
NA   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
NA   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,064.43 °C   
99+
27.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C   
36
677.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Gold   
NA   

Luster
Metallic   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   

Vickers Hardness
216.00 MPa   
31
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
95.00 %   
2
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Au   
Fr   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
36   
3
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.54   
1
0.70   
99+

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
0.86   
99+

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.87   
7
0.68   
25

Allen Electronegativity
1.92   
5
0.67   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.46   
99+
3.30   
1

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1

Electron Work Function
5.10 eV   
4
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
79   
37
87   
31

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
[Rn] 7s1   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
79   
37
87   
31

Number of Neutrons
118   
23
136   
17

Number of Electrons
79   
37
87   
31

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
Not Available   

Covalent Radius
144.00 pm   
40
260.00 pm   
1

Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm   
39
348.00 pm   
1

Atomic Weight
196.97 amu   
33
223.00 amu   
27

Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Platinum
  
Polonium
  

Next Element
Mercury
  
Radium
  

Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
8.00 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
407.82 pm   
21
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61   
4
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3   
15
1.87 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa   
27
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa   
24
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.40   
4
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
19.32   
8
Not Available   

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40

Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K   
3
15.00 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
Not Available   

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