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Francium vs Mercury

Francium
Mercury
Mercury vs Francium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr   
Hg   
Group Number
1   
17
12   
6
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440735   
18
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1939   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
NA   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
27.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
677.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
NA   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Fr   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70   
99+
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86   
99+
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68   
25
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
0.67   
99+
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30   
1
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
87   
31
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87   
31
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
136   
17
121   
22
Number of Electrons
87   
31
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm   
1
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm   
1
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu   
27
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available   
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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