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Mercury vs Francium

Mercury
Francium
Francium vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Fr   
Group Number
12   
6
1   
17
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
d block   
s block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Alkali   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7440735   
18
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Marguerite Perey   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
In 1939   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
NA   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
27.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
677.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
NA   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Fr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
0.70   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
0.86   
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
0.68   
25
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
0.67   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
3.30   
1
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
87   
31
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Rn] 7s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
87   
31
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
136   
17
Number of Electrons
80   
36
87   
31
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
260.00 pm   
1
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
348.00 pm   
1
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
223.00 amu   
27
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Polonium
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Radium
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
8.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
1.87 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
15.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
Not Available   
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