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Mercury vs Manganese

Mercury
Manganese
Manganese vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Mn   
Group Number
12   
6
7   
11
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7439965   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
I_ 43m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
217.00   
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
In 1774   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
8 * 10-4 %   
8
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.001 %   
8
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.27 %   
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
0.11 %   
8
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
1,245.00 °C   
37
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
1,962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
196.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
5,150.00 m/s   
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Mn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
21   
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.55   
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.60   
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.75   
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.45   
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
7th Energy level
Not Available   
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.10 eV   
25
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
25   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
25   
99+
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
80   
36
25   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
127.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
54.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
220.00 (-eV)   
2
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
891.25 pm   
1
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
120.00 GPa   
14
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
198.00 GPa   
12
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
7.21   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
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