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Manganese vs Zinc

Manganese
Zinc
Zinc vs Manganese


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mn  
Zn  
Group Number
7  
11
12  
6
Period Number
4  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439965  
99+
7440666  
24
Space Group Name
I_ 43m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
217.00  
4
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Indian metallurgists  
Discovery
In 1774  
Before 1000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-4 %  
8
3 * 10-5 %  
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.001 %  
8
~0.0002 %  
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %  
8
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %  
8
0.01 %  
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
6
In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
170.00 p.p.m.  
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,245.00 °C  
37
419.58 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C  
99+
907.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
2.50  
14
Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa  
99+
327.00 MPa  
32
Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s  
7
3,850.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available  
1.00  
2
Reflectivity
Not Available  
80.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mn  
Zn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
21  
18
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.55  
25
1.65  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
7
2.23  
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.60  
9
1.66  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.65  
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.75  
15
1.59  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.45  
29
2.35  
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
906.40 kJ/mol  
6
2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
39
1,733.30 kJ/mol  
27
3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
3,833.00 kJ/mol  
12
4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,731.00 kJ/mol  
11
5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,970.00 kJ/mol  
9
6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
16
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
9
8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
16,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
19,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
23,000.00 kJ/mol  
10
11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
26,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
10
29,990.00 kJ/mol  
11
13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
40,490.00 kJ/mol  
5
14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
43,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
13
47,300.00 kJ/mol  
8
16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
9
17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
55,900.00 kJ/mol  
10
18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
11
19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
67,300.00 kJ/mol  
10
20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
171,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
179,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.10 eV  
25
4.33 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
25  
99+
30  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
[Ar] 3d10 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
25  
99+
30  
99+
Number of Neutrons
30  
99+
35  
99+
Number of Electrons
25  
99+
30  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
127.00 pm  
99+
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
122.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
139.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
54.94 amu  
99+
65.38 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
9.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Chromium
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Iron
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)  
2
38.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
891.25 pm  
1
266.49 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
7.14 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
6.57 g/cm3  
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
12
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available  
43.00 GPa  
18
Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPa  
14
70.00 GPa  
19
Young's Modulus
198.00 GPa  
12
108.00 GPa  
19
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.21  
99+
6.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
59.00 nΩ·m  
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.17 106/cm Ω  
12
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
0.39 J/(kg K)  
14
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K  
29
25.47 J/mol·K  
39
Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
116.00 W/m·K  
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
21
30.20 µm/(m·K)  
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol  
23
7.32 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol  
38
129.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
41.60 J/mol.K  
36
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