Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
- Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1950
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
-
It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Melting Point
Not Available
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Refractive Index
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Atomic Volume
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Malleable, Sectile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Specific Heat
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available